eBook: Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems: Towards high-level automated driving
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) have been a domain of substantial development for more than thirty years, enhancing safety, (energy and fuel) efficiency, comfort, and economic growth. Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS), also referred to as Connected Vehicles, are a prelude to, and pave the way towards road transport automation. Vehicle connectivity and information exchange will be an important asset for future highly-automated driving. The book provides a comprehensive insight in the state of the art of C-ITS and automated driving, especially addresses the important role of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, and presents the main achievements (both theory and practice), as well as the challenges in the domain in Europe, the US and Asia/Pacific.
Chapter by BroadBit: Vehicular communication – a technical overview
The V2X technology is a quite complex field in the communication sector. It is required for the automotive industry to further evolve the travel experience and safety, as well as to reduce the environmental impact of vehicles. The chapter reviewed various V2X technologies. Two of the key challenges are interoperability and compatibility. The competing access technologies, i.e. WLAN-based and cellular -based communication, are very different in their whole philosophy. Therefore, it is assumed that both technologies will coexist and spread on their own. There will be no consensus that will favour one over the other. This also means that the communication devices have to support both main access technologies resulting in multi -stack equipment. Of course, this has fmancial consequences as well. To complete this thought, it should be noted that WLAN-based V2X communication has geographical restrictions as well. However, this stands for a vehicle itself and its features as well, thus this issue is less significant.
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.1.1 History of vehicular communication
- 7.1.2 Organizations and standards
- 7.2 Use cases and enablers
- 7.3 Vehicle communication technologies
- 7.3.1 General architecture
- 7.3.2 Facilities layer
- 7.3.3 Networking and transport layer
- 7.3.3.1 WAVE short-message protocol
- 7.3.3.2 GeoNetworking protocol
- 7.3.4 Access layer
- 7.3.4.1 Bluetooth
- 7.3.4.2 Cellular technologies
- 7.3.4.3 IEEE 802.11p
- 7.3.4.4 ITS G5
- 7.3.5 Broadcasting technologies
- 7.4 Comparison of IEEE 802.11p and C-V2X
- 7.5 Discussion, challenges and conclusion
- References
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